Bathypathes patula

p. p. Bathypathes patula Pasternak, 1958: 181 – 187, 190 – 191; Pasternak, 1964: 183, 201; Opresko, 1974: 127 – 130; Pasternak, 1976: 46 – 47,54; Pasternak, 1977: 157 – 159, 162 – 164; Mirnov & Pasternak, 1981: 15; Grasshoff, 1981 a: 741 – 742, 755, 760; Grasshoff, 1981 b: 961, 978; Pasternak, 1993: 86 – 87.

Sumber: Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic

Distribution. Cosmopolitan; from 100 m to 5500 m depths (Molodtsova, 2006); off Falkland island, 54 º 25 ’ 0.12 ” S, 57 º 31 ’ 59.88 ” W (fig. 35) (record available in <mapper. obis. org>).

Sumber: Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic

Description of the CIDARIS Specimens: TWO COLONIeS ReSeMbLe B. patula ANd 11 COLONIeS ReSeMbLe B. seculata bASed ON THe deSCRIPTION Of THe HOLOTYPeS. THeSe SPeCIMeNS HAVe CURVed TO SICkLe-SHAPed STeMS WHeN VIeWed fROM THe SIde (FIgUReS 3 A – b) THAT RANge fROM 3.3 CM TO 24 CM IN TOTAL LeNgTH. THe LeNgTH Of THe LONgeST PINNULe RANgeS fROM 1.6 CM TO 10.5 CM ANd THIS PINNULe IS POSITIONed AT, OR jUST AbOVe, THe MId PAIR Of PINNULeS (FIgUReS 3 A – b). THe LeNgTH Of THe UNPINNULATed STeM RANgeS fROM 2.2 CM TO 7.9 CM ANd THe LeNgTH Of THe PINNULATed STeM RANgeS fROM 1.1 CM TO 16.1 CM. THe RATIO Of THe LeNgTH Of THe LONgeST PINNULe TO THe TOTAL COLONY SIze RANgeS beTWeeN 0.32 ANd 1.15. TWO COLONIeS HAVe RATIOS CLOSe TO, OR LeSS THAN, 0.5 ANd 11 COLONIeS HAVe RATIOS CLOSe TO, OR gReATeR THAN, 0.9, IdeNTIfYINg THeM AS eITHeR B. patula OR B. seculata, ReSPeCTIVeLY. THe RATIO Of THe LeNgTH Of THe LONgeST PINNULe TO THe LeNgTH Of THe PINNULATed PORTION Of THe STeM RANgeS beTWeeN 0.48 ANd 1.94. THe PINNULe deNSITY ON eACH SIde Of THe STeM RANgeS beTWeeN THRee ANd fIVe PINNULeS PeR 3 CM; HOWeVeR, THIS RANge MIgHT be AS MUCH AS SIX PINNULeS PeR 3 CM AS ONe SPeCIMeN HAS A PINNULATed PORTION 2 CM IN LeNgTH WITH fOUR PINNULeS ON eACH SIde Of THe STeM. STeM THICkNeSS jUST AbOVe THe bASAL PLATe RANgeS beTWeeN 0.1 MM ANd 0.9 MM. THe STRIATUM ON THe STeM VARIeS IN POSITION ANd LeNgTH, STARTINg ANYWHeRe beTWeeN THe LOWeST POINT Of THe STeM TO MIdWAY UP THe UNPINNULATed PORTION Of THe STeM, ANd eNdINg ANYWHeRe fROM MIdWAY UP THe UNPINNULATed PORTION Of THe STeM TO THe APeX Of THe COLONY. THe NUMbeR Of RIdgeS ON THe STRIATUM RANgeS beTWeeN TWO ANd SIX fROM ONe VIeW, ANd THe dISTINCTIVeNeSS Of THe STRIATUM RANgeS fROM NOT dISTINCT TO VeRY dISTINCT. THRee TO SeVeN ROWS Of SPINeS CAN be COUNTed IN ONe VIeW ON THe PINNULeS, ANd THe SPINeS ARe ARRANged IRRegULARLY IN eITHeR SPIRALS OR IN AXIAL ROWS (FIgUReS 3 C – d). THe dIffeReNCe beTWeeN POLYPAR ANd AbPOLYPAR SPINeS ARe VISIbLe IN SOMe SPeCIMeNS, WHeRe POLYPAR SPINeS ARe ~ 0.07 MM ANd AbPOLYPAR SPINeS ARe ~ 0.03 MM (FIgURe 3 d). SPINeS ARe SMOOTH WITH bLUNT TIPS, eLONgATed, ANd ARe eITHeR AT 90 ° TO THe SURfACe Of THe PINNULe OR SLIgHTLY SLANTed dISTALLY (FIgURe 3 e), WITH ONe SPeCIMeN SHOWINg SOMe bIfURCATION Of THe SPINeS (FIgURe 3 f). AMONg THe feW SPeCIMeNS THAT HAVe WeLL PReSeRVed POLYPS, THe TRANSVeRSe dIAMeTeR IS ~ 6 MM, THe TeNTACLeS ReACH A MAXIMUM LeNgTH Of 3 MM, ANd THe INTeRPOLYPAR SPACe IS ~ 2 MM. POLYP deNSITY IS ~ 1.5 PeR 1 CM (FIgURe 3 g).

Sumber: Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the deep (916 m - 2542 m) Coral Sea, north-eastern Australia

Distribution: SPeCIMeNS ASSIgNed TO THIS SPeCIeS HAVe beeN RePORTed fROM THe PACIfIC, ATLANTIC, ANd INdIAN OCeANS fROM dePTHS Of 100 M TO 5,500 M. THIS STUdY eXPANdS THe kNOWN dISTRIbUTION TO THe CORAL SeA, AUSTRALIA (FIgURe 1 C). DeSPITe THe MANY ReCORdS Of Bathypathes patula LISTed IN OBIS, MOST ARe bASed ON in-situ ObSeRVATIONS WITHOUT THe SPeCIMeNS HAVINg beeN COLLeCTed. GIVeN THAT IT IS dIffICULT TO IdeNTIfY THIS SPeCIeS bASed ON in situ ObSeRVATION ALONe, We ARe UNAbLe TO CONfIdeNTLY CALCULATe THe dISTANCe Of THe RANge eXPANSION.

Sumber: Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the deep (916 m - 2542 m) Coral Sea, north-eastern Australia