Carcharhinus plumbeus

Arruda (1997) considered a doubtful presence of this species off the Azores. According to Ebert & Stehmann (2013) the occurrence of C. plumbeus in Madeira is possible.

Sumber: Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf

IUCN standard name :: Sandbar Shark Fig. 7, Table 1

Sumber: Cartilaginous fish diversity in the Western Visayas, Philippines, including two putative unidentified species and the first record of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae)

Morphological description. Body moderately small and cylindrical. Head slightly depressed. Eyes large and rounded, spiracles absent. Snout short and relatively blunt; length of snout shorter than mouth width (8 % vs. 9 % TL, respectively). Mouth short and transversely curved. Nostril long with short nasal flap; nostril distance shorter than mouth width (6 % vs. 9 % TL, respectively). Teeth on upper jaw broadly triangular; teeth on lower jaw still not visible. First dorsal fin tall, height more than half of predorsal length (16 % vs. 27 % TL, respectively), originating over pectoral-fin insertion; second dorsal fin considerably smaller than first dorsal fin, originating slightly anterior to anal-fin insertion. Anal fin small, considerably same size with second dorsal fin; posterior margin concave. Pectoral fin large; posterior margin concave. Pelvic fin relatively smaller than pectoral fin. Caudal fin relatively long; posterior tip of upper lobe slightly narrow; lower lobe distinct, slightly triangular; ventral notch located near tip of upper lobe. Interdorsal-fin ridge present. Precaudal pits transverse. Color of fresh specimen. Body and head dark gray; underside white; fins plain with dusky tip. Color of preserved specimen. Body, head, and fins plain gray; underside portion of body white.

Sumber: Cartilaginous fish diversity in the Western Visayas, Philippines, including two putative unidentified species and the first record of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae)

Distribution. Wide-ranging in tropical through warm temperate areas, including Mediterranean Sea, but possibly not eastern Pacific. Extends from western central Pacific to Hawaii (Compagno and Niem 1998 c), and across western Indian Ocean from South Africa (eastern Cape), to the Red Sea, Gulf of Oman, Persian / Arabian Gulf, Pakistan, India, Socotra, Madagascar, Seychelles, Mauritius, and Lakshadweep (Winton and Ebert 2022).

Sumber: Cartilaginous fish diversity in the Western Visayas, Philippines, including two putative unidentified species and the first record of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae)

Distribution. Circumglobal in tropical through warm temperate seas (including Caribbean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf), possibly absent from eastern Pacific. Conservation. IUCN: Global (VU: A 2 bd + 4 bd, 20 February 2007); Med. (EN: A 4 d, 25 March 2016). Capture and threats: FIT, FIB, unknown. Occurrence: Rare. High priority for conservation action.

Sumber: The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status