Ectopleura crocea

<p>Branching among the colonies is due to the settling of actinulae on adjacent stems of the parent colony, the annulated stem of the young hydranth forming the base of the new branch. There is a tendency for all hydranths on the one colony to be the same sex; however, both male and female may occur on the one colony.</p> <p>Both the hydranth and blastostyles are very active, the pendulous blastostyles performing rhythmic lashing movements at intervals.</p>

Sumber: Cnidaria

<p>Subtidal, epizoic on mussels and other benthic invertebrates.</p>

Sumber: Cnidaria

Distribution: Circumglobal in shallow subtropical waters (Bouillon et al. 2004) and subtropical and temperate waters in southwestern Atlantic Ocean (Oliveira et al. 2016). Species widely reported in shallow waters of Argentinean coast as Tubularia crocea (Blanco 1994; Genzano & Zamponi 1997).

Sumber: Checklist of Benthic Cnidaria in the SW Atlantic Ocean (54 ºS- 56 ºS)

Description. Colonies dioecious, up to 55 mm high. Hydrorhiza and hydrocaulus with well-developed perisarc. Unbranched erect hydrocauli arising from stolonial hydrorhiza. Hydrocaulus’ coenosarc split into two longitudinal chambers with basal diameter 200 – 420 µm, apical 340 – 1000 µm; distal region of hydrocaulus with globular expansion supporting terminal hydranth. Hydranth with one whorl of aboral and one whorl of oral tentacles; oral tentacles adnate to hypostome up to the mouth region, circular in transversal section; aboral tentacles quadrangular in transversal section. Unbranched blastostyles of gonosomes arising immediately above aboral whorl of tentacles; main axis of each blastostyle supporting gonophores. Female gonophore cryptomedusoid, oval, with eight distal laterally compressed crests surrounding terminal aperture, terminal region of spadix projecting to outside. Male gonophore cryptomedusoid, spherical to oval, without distal crests. Early released actinulae with 8 – 11 aboral capitate tentacles. Aboral tentacles with four types of nematocysts: O-basitrichous isorhizas, rare and not measured (Figure 3 A); basitrichous isorhizas, common, 6.45 – 12.19 X 2.84 – 6.04 µm (Figure 3 B); desmonemes, abundant, spherical to oval, 3.50 – 6.81 X 2.41 – 5.13 µm (Figure 3 C); small stenoteles, abundant, 5.02 – 7.82 X 3.66 – 8.09 µm (Figure 3 E). Oral tentacles with three types of nematocysts: O-basitrichous isorhiza, rare and not measured (Figure 3 A); basitrichous isorhizas, rare, 7.06 – 14.73 X 2.87 – 7.1 µm; large stenoteles, abundant, 7.36 – 12.5 X 6.07 – 11.38 µm and small stenoteles 4.93 – 7.93 X 3. 2 – 7.13 µm (Figure 3 D).

Sumber: A comparative study of populations of Ectopleura crocea and Ectopleura ralphi (Hydrozoa, Tubulariidae) from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean

Distribution in the South Western Atlantic Ocean. Brazil: States of Espírito Santo (Grohmann et al. 1997, Grohmann 2006), São Paulo (Migotto & da Silveira 1987, Migotto 1996, Rosso & Marques 1997, Migotto et al. 2001, 2002, Marques & Migotto 2004, Oliveira et al. 2006, Oliveira & Marques 2007, Silveira & Morandini 2011), Paraná (Haddad, 1992), Santa Catarina (Miranda et al. 2011) and Rio Grande do Sul (Migotto & Silveira 1987) (see Migotto et al. 2002, Marques et al. 2003). Uruguay (Demicheli & Scarabino 2006). Argentina: Provinces of Buenos Aires (Blanco 1994, Genzano et al. 1991, 2009, Genzano 1994, 1998, Genzano & Rodriguez 1998), Río Negro and Chubut (Blanco 1994, Genzano et al. 1991), Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego (Oliveira et al. submitted).

Sumber: A comparative study of populations of Ectopleura crocea and Ectopleura ralphi (Hydrozoa, Tubulariidae) from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean