Achillea millefolium

<p>REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS: MEXICO. GUANAJUATO: Puerto Jondo, 26 km ESE of Tarimoro, 14 Oct 1974, <em>Flores 177 </em>(ENCB, OS); 6 km S of Acambaro, 4 Dec 1971, <em>IItis </em>& <em>Cochrane </em>272 (ENCB, US, WIS). MEXICO: 24.1 mi S of Queretaro/Mexico border along hwy 55, 24 Dec 1977, <em>Jansen </em><em>& </em><em>Harriman </em>479 (OS); 26 mi S of Mexico/Queretaro border along hwy 55, 15 Oct 1966, <em>AL 4011 </em>(MICH, OS); btw Acambay and Atlocomulco, 15 Oct 1956, <em>Langmall 4070 </em>(ENCB, MEXU); Temascaltepec, II Dec 1932, <em>Hinton </em>2579 (BM, G, NY, US). MICHOACAN: 0.2 mi W of Michoadtn/Mexico border on rd btw ElOra and Tlalpujahua, 15 Oct 1966, <em>AL 4009 </em>(MICH, OS); 19 mi W of Atlacomulco, NE of ElOra, 15 Oct 1966, <em>AL 4008 </em>(MICH, OS); 69 mi E of Morelia, just E of Ciudad Hidalgo, 1 Nov <em>1977, FH </em>2252 (OS); 60 mi E of Morelia, just W of Ciudad Hidalgo, 1 Nov 1977, <em>FH </em>2253 (OS); 49 mi E of Morelia, 14 Dec 1966, <em>AL </em>4527 (MICH, OS); 41 mi E of Morelia, 9 Oct 1966, <em>AL </em>3919 (MICH, OS); Mirador Mil Cumbres, 40.5 mi E of Morelia, 20 Nov 1978, <em>F </em>2865 (OS); 20.4-22 mi E of Morelia, 15 Dec 1966, <em>AL </em>4529 (MICH); 20 mi E of Morelia, 20 Nov 1978, <em>F </em>2861 (OS); ca. 18 mi E of Morelia, 14 Oct 1976, SG 4176* (OS); 1.7-2.5 mi E of Morelia, 9 Oct 1966, <em>AL </em>3914 (MICH); 10 mi E of Morelia, 1 Nov 1977, <em>F </em>2258 (OS); near Morelia, Lama Santa Maria, 1910, <em>Arse,le </em>5775 (BM, G, GH, MO, NY); near Morelia, Carrieres Rincon, 17 Oct 1912. <em>Arsene </em>8291 (BM, F, GH, MO, NY, US); 9 mi Waf Morelia, 15 Dec 1966, <em>AL 4530 </em>(MICH, OS); 2 mi S of Morelia on rd to Santa Marfa, 2 Nov 1977, <em>F </em>2254 (OS); 5 mi S of Ouiroga, 3 Nov 1977, <em>F </em>2262 (OS); N end of Lago de Patzcuaro, 15 Dec 1966, <em>AL </em>4532 (MICH, OS); 9 mi ENE of Patzcuaro, 9 Oct 1966, <em>AL 3909 </em>(MICH, OS); NE edge of Patzcuaro, 16 Dec 1978, <em>FCa </em>2967 (OS); near Patzcuaro, 22 Oct-20 Nov 1890, <em>Pringle 3306 </em>(BM, BR, CM, DS, F, G, GH, K, M, MEXU, MICH, MO, MSC, NDG, NY, S, UC, US); ca. 28 mi E of Uruapan, 16 Dec 1978, <em>FCa </em>2968 (OS). VERACRUZ: 12 mi N of Cordoba (cultivated), 18 Dec <em>1977, FTK </em>2736* (OS).</p>

Sumber: Compositae

<p>REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS: GUATEMALA. ALTA VERAPAZ: rd to Tamahua, 2 mi from jet with hwy to Coban, 10 Dec 1977, <em>FRK </em>2669 (OS); Coban, Dec 1906, <em>Tiireklleim 1513 </em>(BM, BR, C, F, FI, G, GH, M, MICH, MO, NY). GUATEMALA: 17 km from Guatemala City on CA-l (cultivated), 7 Dec <em>1977, </em><em>FRa* </em>(OS). JALAPA: Vo1can Jumay, 8 Jan 1908, <em>Kellerman </em>7684 (F, NY, US). QUETZALTENANGO: 0.5 mi S of Zuni!, 29 Nov 1978, <em>FL 2920 </em>(OS); Vo1can Santa Maria de Jesus, E slope, 24 Oct 1976, SG 4339* (OS); Vo1can Zuni!, 22 Jan 1940, <em>Se </em>34583 (F, NY, TEX); S of San Martin Chile Verde, 16 Jan 1941, <em>Sa </em>83665 (F). QUICHE: Nebaj, 20 Nov 1934, <em>SkI/tell 1744 </em>(F, LL, NY, US);above Nebaj on rd to Sacapulas, 28 Nov 1978, <em>FL 2909* </em>(OS); just outside of Nebaj, 28 Nov 1978, <em>FL 2910 </em>(OS); near Zunfl, 29 Nov 1978, <em>FL 2920* </em>(OS); San Mateo Ixtatan, 6 Feb 1965, <em>Breedlove </em>8685 (DS, MICH). SAN MARCOS: 3.5 mi W of Palo Gordo, 6 Dec 1978, <em>FL 2951 </em>(OS); 6 mi NE of San Rafael Pie de la Cuesta, 6 Dec 1978, <em>FL 2944A </em>(OS); near Sibinal, 18 Feb 1940, <em>Se </em>35949 (F); 8-10 km W of San Marcos, Volc:in Tajumlllco, 31 Dec 1964, <em>Williams el al. </em>26836 (F, NY). MEXICO. CHIAPAS: rd to Chenalho, near schoolhouse of Yal'Ichin, 25 Nov 1977, <em>FRa </em>2562* (OS); rd to Tenejapa, 18 km from San Cristobal, 26 Nov 1977, <em>FRa </em>2565 (OF); in Colonia Ach'lum, municipio Tenejapa, 12 Dec 1966, <em>Tall 1761 </em>(DS, ENCB, LL, MICH, MSC, NY); trail from Zinacatan to Ixtapa, 13 Apr 1966, <em>Laughlill656 </em>(DS, ENCB, NY, WIS); Siltepec, Jan 1937, <em>Mallnla 1549 </em>(MEXU, MICH,US).</p>

Sumber: Compositae

<p><em>Montanoa wercklei </em>Berger, Garel. Chron. 50: 122. 1911. Type: COSTA RICA, seeds sent by C. Werckle in 1905 and grown at La Mortola (Italy) and collected there 3 Jan 1908 by <em>A. Berger </em><em>S.n. </em>(holotype, K; isotype, <em>G[3]!; </em>photos of holotype, GH! OS! US i). Morley (1980) selected a lectotype but the data are sufficient to designate the above specimen as the holotype.</p> <p><em>Montanoa pittieri </em>Robins. & Greenm., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 34: 517. 1899. Type: COSTA RICA, San Jose, hedgerows on the "llanos de Alajuelita," 1 Dec 1899, <em>H. Pittier 1455</em>(holotype, GH!; isotypes, BR[2]! <em>G!). <br /></em></p><p><em>Montalloa samalensis </em>Coulter, Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 20: 49. 1895. Type: GUATEMALA, Retalulen, Rio Samala, 1700 ft, April 1892, <em>J. D. Smith </em>2858 (holotype, F!; isotypes, G-BOIS!K! US!; photo of K isotype, OS!).</p><p>REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS: COSTA RICA. ALAJUELA: just N of Alajuela, rd to Volcan Poas (hwy 130),5 Jan 1980, <em>FGPF 3023 </em>(CR, OS); ca. 15 mi N of Naranjo on I'd to Zarcero, 7 Jan 1980, <em>F 3052 </em>(CR, OS); San Pedro de San Ramon, 12 Dec 1925, <em>Brenes 5217 </em>(CR, NY, S); near San Ramon, 2 Feb<em>1940, </em><em>Hunnewell 16792 </em>(DUKE, GH); San Luis de Zarcero, 4 Dec 1939, <em>Smith 2047 </em>(GH, NA, US). CARTAGO: San Ramon, 7 Dec 1971, Mc Caffrey<em> </em>58 (CR); 2 km NNE of San Rafael on rd to Irazu, 23 Dec 1974, <em>Wilbur </em>& <em>Lutleyn 18725 </em>(DUKE); 3 km SW of Cervantes, 5 Jan 1979, <em>WIISSOW el 01. 159 </em>(OS). HEREDIA: 1.2 km NW of Rio Virilla on Costa Rica hwy I, 28 Dec 1978, <em>Wussow el 01. 109 </em>(OS); rd from San Antonio to Pue.nte de Mulas, 3.Tan 1979, <em>WIISSOII' el 01. 144 </em>(OS); near Heredia, 25 Dec 1930, <em>Brenes 13270 (F, </em>NY). SAN JOSE: S of San Jose on rd to .Torco, 12 Jan 1980, <em>FGo 3077* </em>(CR, OS); E of .lorco on I'd to Cerro Cedral, 13 Jan 1980, <em>FPF 3083 </em>(CR, OS); San Francisco de Guadalupe, Nov 1895, <em>Tonduz 7072 </em>(BM, CU, F, G, GH, K, M, MO, NY); along the Rio Virillo ca. I km S of Santa Domingo, 20 Dec 1974, <em>Taylor 17306 </em>(SMU, US); Zurqui, 13 Feb 1926, <em>Slandley </em><em>& </em><em>Valerio 48039 </em>(US); near Paracito, 6 mi NE of San .Tose, 14 Dec 1974, <em>Wilbur </em>& <em>Llueyn 18147 </em>(DUKE, OS); near San Jose, II Jan 1938, <em>Orozco </em>93 (F); btw San Jose and Guadalupe, 27 Dec 1965, <em>Jimenez 3518 </em>(F, MO, NY, US). EL SALVADOR. AI-IUACHAPAN: Lagunita de las Ninphas, above Apaneca, 5 Dec 1978, <em>FL 2940 </em>(OS). LA LIBERTAD: Volcan San Salvador above Santa Tecla, 22 Jan <em>1949, </em><em>Williams </em>& <em>Molina 15253 </em>(F). MORAZAN: Montes de Cacaguatique, 3 Jan 1942, <em>Tucker 710</em></p> <p>(BH, F, G, LL, MICH, US). SAN SALVADOR: rd to Boqueron, 9 Dec 1971, <em>Flores </em>297 (MO). SANTA ANA: near Santa Ana, 28-30 Jan 1922, <em>Sa 20425 </em>(GH, NY, US). GUATEMALA. AMATITLAN: Amatitlan, Oct 1928, <em>Morales 1176 </em>(F). CI-IIMALTENANGO: along Rio Guacalate, SE of Chimaltenango,14-23 Dec 1940, <em>Sa 81056 </em>(F). Volcan Ipala, near Amatillo, 25 Oct 1939, <em>Se 30469 </em>(F). ESCUINTLA: along Rio Guacalate, 28 Nov 1938, <em>So 58250 </em>(F, GH). JALAPA: mts along rd btw Jalapa and Paraiso, 14 Nov 1940, <em>So </em>77223 (F). JUTIAPA: above Ovejero on rd btw Monjas and EI Progresso, 19 Nov <em>1940, </em><em>So </em>77655 (F). QUEZALTENANGO: hwy 95just S of Santa Maria de Jesus, 29 Nov 1978, <em>FL 2921* </em>(OS); Colomba, 20 Dec 1934, <em>Skuleh </em>1981 (BM, F, G, LL, NY). RETALHULEU: San Felipe, 13 Jan <em>1917, </em><em>Holway 705 </em>(GH, US). SACATEPEQUEZ: ca. 5 mi W of Ciudad Vieja on rd to Yepocapa, 25 Oct <em>1976, </em><em>SO </em>4358 (OS); Volcan de Agua, rd btw Santa Maria de Jesus and Palfn, 7 Nov 1965, <em>Molina </em>15368 (F, NY). SAN MARCOS: SW of San Rafael Pie de la Cuesta, near bridge, 6 Dec 1978, <em>FL 2945A </em>(OS). SANTA ROSA: Canchon, Oct 1892, <em>Heyde </em>& <em>Lllx </em>6155 (F, G, GH, K, MO, NDG, NY, US); SOLOLA: near Patalul, 15 Feb 1906, <em>Kellerman </em>5559 (NA). HONDURAS. COPAN: E of ruins, 23 Nov <em>1969, </em><em>Molina </em>& <em>Molina </em>24782 (F, NY). CORTES: Santa Cruz de Yojoa, 9 Dec 1933, <em>Edwards P-726 </em>(F, GH, MO, NY). COMAYAGUA: near Siguatepeque, 25 Mar-5 Apr 1947, <em>Slandley </em>& <em>Chae6n 6940 </em>(F). MORAZAN: ca. 5 mi W of Zamorano, 2 Dec 1978, <em>FL </em>2929 (OS); along Rio de la Orilla on rd from El Zamorano to Chagiiite, 5 Feb 1949, <em>So </em>16151 (F, GH). EL PARAiso: above Yuscanin, 2 Dec 1978, <em>FL </em>2928 (OS); along stream in Yuscaran, 28 Dec 1962, <em>Williams </em>& <em>Molina </em>23241 (B, BM, BR, C, DS, G, MEXU, MICH, S, UC, W); Giiinope, Dec 1943, <em>Rodrigllez 1670 </em>(F). YORD: Yoro, Sep 1937, <em>Hagen </em>& <em>Hagen 1093 </em>(F, NY). MEXICO. CHIAPAS: hwy 195, 24.6 mi N of jct with hwy 190, near San Vincente, 27 Nov 1977, <em>FRo 2580* </em>(OS); near Habenal, Tenejapa, 26 Nov 1964, <em>Breedlope 7662 </em>(DS, ENCB, F, MICH); Escuintla, 26 Dec 1936, <em>Matuda </em>723 (MEXU, MICH, MO, NA, US). NICARAGUA. CHONTALES: ca. 2.8 mi N of Cuapa, 21 Jan 1978, <em>Pipoiy </em>1544 (OS). JINOTEGA: Ocoteiil near Santa Lastenia, 17 Jan 1965, <em>Williams el ai. </em>27769 (F); 10 mi NE of Jinotega, 11 Jan 1969, <em>Seiaya </em><em>& </em><em>Moore </em>2148 (EM, F, GH, MICH, MO, NY, SMU, US); rd to La Fundadora from Managua, region of Santa Maria de Ostuma, 7 Dec 1958, <em>Hawkes el ai. 2207 </em>(C, F, G, S). MANAGUA: near EI Crucero, summit of Sierra de Managua, 14-25 May 1947, <em>So </em>8318 (F). NUEVA SEGOVIA: 3.7 mi S of Las Manos, 7 Jan 1978, <em>Jansen </em>& <em>Harriman </em>548* (OS, OSH). MATAGALPA: Santa Maria de Ostuma, 8-15 Jan <em>1963, </em><em>Williams el ai. 23419 </em>(F, GH, NY, US, WIS). UNITED STATES. HAWAII: Oahu, Tantalus Dr. [cultivated], 18 Dec 1979, <em>Harriman </em>16248* (OS, OSH).</p>

Sumber: Compositae

<p>Frutices 4-metrales. Caules quadrangulares basin versus teretiores grisescentes, partibus herbaceis puberuli. Folia vix variabilia; petioli 2-18 cm longi, interdum partim foliolis alata, glandulosa et dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescentes; laminae ovatae vel 5-angulatae , 4-34 x 3-38 cm, apice acutae, margine serratae vel ± profunde-lobatae, pagina adaxiali glandulosa, pagina abaxiali glandulosa et sparsim vel dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescenti. Pedunculi 2-10 cm longi, glandulosi modice vel dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescentes. Capitula pendula florifera 1.75-2.25 cm fructifera 3.0-3.5 cm lata, nonnulla vel muita in synflorescentia laxe cymosa corymbis composita, ramis lateralis effuse ascendentibus. Phyllaria 8-11, 2-3-seriata, non reflexa, inter se subaequalia, ovato-lanceolata, imbricata , 10-12 x 3.0-4.5 mm, viridia, apice acuta vel acuminata mucro nata, marginibus ciliata integra, pagina adaxiali dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescenti, pagina abaxiali glabra. Radii 12, albi, ligula ovata vel lanceolata, 18-27 x 8-10 mm, apice acuta vel 2-denticulata, pagina adaxiali subglabra, pagina abaxiali sparsim glandulosa, tubo 1.0 x 0.5 mm, subglandulosa. Flosculi disci 80-100, lutei, tuba 1.5 x 0.5 mm, glabro vel subglanduloso et pilis minus quam 0.5 mm longis subpubescenti, fauce cylindraceo 3.5-4.0 x 1.25-1.5 mm, glanduloso et modice pilis minus quam 0.5 mm longis pubescentia, lobis 5, 0.75-1.0 x 0.5-0.75 mm, apice acutis glandulosis et modice pilis minus quam 0.5 mm longis pubescentia; stamina filamento inciuso 3.5-4.0 x 2.5 mm, antheris semi-exsertis, thecis luteis, 2.25 x 0.5 mm, connectivo apice acuto, 0.6 x 0.4 mm, luteo, adaxiali glanduloso; stylus luteus, 8.0-8.5 mm longus, basi tumefactus, lineolis stigmatic is luteis vel brunneolis, 1.25 mm longis, appendiculis acuminatis, 0.75 x 0.4 mm, apice luteis. Paleae sub anthesi obtrullatae, 2.5-3.0 x 2.5-3.0 mm, luteolae secus venas atrovirides, apice longiuscule acuminatae, induratae, margine ciliatae integrae, dorso glandulosae et distaliter et dense pilis minus quam 1.0 mm longis pubescente~, ventre glabrae; paleae fructiferae deciduae, obtrullatae, 15 x 8 mm, papyraceae, reticulatim venosae, stramineae, apice spina minus quam 0.75 mm longa obsitae margine integrae ciliatae, abaxialiter dense glandulosa et sparsim pubescentes, adaxialiter glabrae. Achaenia brunneo-nigra, 4.5 x 1.25 mm laevia. Chromosomatum numerus <em>n </em>= 19.</p><p>SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. GUERRERO: 6 mi N of Tierra Colarada 10 Dec 1966, <em>AL 4506 </em>(MICH, OS); 14-14.5 mi N of Tierra Colorada, 10 Dec 1966, <em>AL 4509 </em>(MICH, OS); hwy 95 near jct with rd to Acahuizotla, 14 Nov 1977, <em>FOe </em>2332 (OS); near Xaltignagllis, 14 Nov 1977, <em>FOe </em>2344 (OS); between Tierra Colorada and Chilpancingo, km 39, 15 Nov 1977, <em>FOe </em>2349 (OS); 8.9 mi N of Tierra Colorada, 16 Nov 1978, <em>FRi </em>2841* (OS); 11.7 mi N of Tierra Colorada, 16 Nov 1978, <em>FRi </em>2842 (OS); Mina, Campo Morado-Otallan, 13 Nov 1939, <em>Hinton </em>14832 (K, GH, MICH, NY, TEX, US); Rincon Viejo, 4 Dec 1962, <em>Kruse </em>& <em>Rzedowski </em>1211 (ENCB). MICHOACAN: 15-16 km SE of Aserradero Dos Agllas, 25-26 Nov 1970, <em>M </em>24697 (ENCB, MICH); 63.6 km from Temascal on rd to Hlletamo, 13 Nov 1949, <em>Moore et al. </em>5694 (BH, BM, F, UC); 19.8 km from Temascal on rd to Hlletamo, 13 Nov <em>1949, Moore et al. 5711 </em>(BH, BM, F, GH, UC).</p>

Sumber: Compositae

<p><em>Achillea</em> <em>millefolium </em>was first described by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum in 1853.</p><p><em>A. millefolium</em> is a perennial herb that usually spreads via rhizome. It is characterized by feathered leaves, proximally petiolate and distally sessile, that gradually reduce in size as they approach the apex of the plant. The ray flowers can range from white to pink to dark purple, but the disc flowers are always white or grayish white. It has a variety of ploidy levels, from <em>2n</em> = 18 to <em>2n </em>= 72. Because of its huge degree of variability, it has often been treated as several distinct species or as one species with several varieties. It has one of the most expansive ranges, growing in virtually every corner of North America. This may be due to its ability to tolerate meadows and woodlands, dry or damp soils, and to accomodate altitudes from sea level to 3600 m. In fact, much observable variation in <em>A. millefolium</em> can be contributed to environmental differences. </p>

Sumber: Compositae

<p>The morphological variant previously recognized as <em>Achillea Borealis </em>or <em>Achillea millefolium </em>var. <em>Borealis </em>is a species of special concern in Canada. (USDA, 2010.) Similarly, the eco-morphotype previously known as <em>A. megacephala </em>or <em>A. millefolifum </em>var. <em>megacephala </em>is of special concern in Canada. (Trock, 2006.)</p>

Sumber: Compositae