Homalomena rostrata

<p>Malesia: S Peninsular Thailand (Narathiwat), Sumatera, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Maluku (Pulau Ceram).</p>

Sumber: CATE Araceae

<p>Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, N.W. Borneo. For a detailed discussion of typifications of H. rostrata see Wong, Boyce & Fasihuddin, Gardens Bulletin Singapore 62(2): 313–325. 2011.</p>

Sumber: CATE Araceae

<p>Clump or colony-forming stoloniferous very strongly aromatic (terpenoids – ocimene or carene?) usually helophytic herbs to c. 1 m tall. <i>Stem </i>an erect to creeping rhizome to c. 20 cm long, c. 2 cm thick, somewhat spongy, emitting cataphylliferous stolons to c. 25 cm long, 1 cm thick, these eventually upturned, becoming rhizomatous, leafy, and thence emitting further stolons from the base of the rhizomatous portion. <i>Leaves </i>clustered, up to c. 20 together; <i>petiole </i>10–50 cm long, distally weakly to rather strongly D-shaped in cross-section , rather spongy within, deep-green to dark red or brown, especially for the basal half, with conspicuous broken dark green to brown longitudinal striations, sheathing in the lower 1/3 to half; <i>petiolar sheath </i>broadly winged, the wings spreading and somewhat fleshy, sheath open, the petiole essentially canaliculate in cross-section; <i>lamina </i>deep green to deep brown, glossy, very variable in overall shape, ranging from sub-linear to broadly ovato-oblong, leathery, c. 10–50 cm long, 3–25 cm wide, the apex ranging from acuminate to broadly obtuse, abruptly and shortly acuminate for c. 1 cm, finally stiffly apiculate for c. 10 mm, base decurrent-cuneate to truncate, shallowly cordate to sagittate or hastate, usually distinctly asymmetric, posterior lobes where present straight to rather widely divergent, up to 12 cm long, truncate, rather regular in size, 1–2 mm across, polygonal, slightly sinuous on the abaxial side, the thecae overtopped by a pronounced synconnective. <i>Infructescences </i>declinate by flexing of the peduncle; spathe persistent, turning deep red; at fruit maturity spathe shed by the abscising of the lower spathe at the insertion on the peduncle. <i>Fruit </i>oblong-globose, dull red, smelling strongly of butyric acid. <i>Seeds </i>elongate-ellipsoid, c. 1 × 0.3 mm, very finely longitudinally striate, pale brown. somewhat acutely rounded; midrib adaxially flat, abaxially prominent, with c. 5–7 adaxially impressed abaxially rather prominent primary lateral veins on each side, posterior lobes where present with 2 or 3 clustered veins running into them, primary lateral veins alternating with somewhat fainter interprimaries and diverging all at c. 60º from the mid-rib. <i>Inflorescences </i>2–3 together, the synflorescence subtended by a conspicuous prophyll; <i>peduncle </i>8–15 cm long, 5–10 mm diam., robust and somewhat spongy, medium green to reddish or brown, especially near the base, exceptionally glossy bright red. <i>Spathe </i>externally green, flushed red, or more rarely deep red, rather glossy, internally somewhat pale, rather variable in size, 5–15cm long, conspicuously constricted at a point corresponding to the top of the female flower zone; opening by inflation of the lower spathe and loosening of the spathe limb (female anthesis), and then spreading of the spathe limb (male anthesis); post anthesis spathe closing and tightly clasping the spadix; <i>lower spathe </i>oblongo-ovate to ovato-globose, c. 1/3 spathe length, up to 5 cm long, 2 cm wide, externally with conspicuous glands (extrafloral nectaries?); <i>spathe limb </i>narrowly to somewhat broadly triangular, c. 2/3 spathe length, up to 7 cm long, 3 cm wide, rostrate-apiculate for c. 10 mm. <i>Spadix </i>subequalling the spathe, up to 14 cm long; shortly stipitate; <i>stipe </i>c. 6 mm; <i>female flower zone </i>weakly to rather strongly fusiform, up to 5 × 1.5 cm; <i>pistils </i>subglobose, 1–2 mm diam., green to red depending on the overall colour of the spathe, red pistils associated mainly with red or red-flushed spathes; <i>stigmas </i>subsessile, discoid to rather well-lobed, slightly wider than the ovary, occasionally remarkably robust, papillate at anthesis; <i>interpistillar staminodes </i>weakly to very strongly clavate, subequalling the associated pistil, waxy white; <i>male flower zone </i>tapering-cylindrical, up to 10 cm long, 1 cm wide, tapering to an acute tip, ivory to very pale yellow; <i>male flowers </i>irregular 3–4-staminate; <i>stamens</i></p>

Sumber: CATE Araceae

<p>Deciduous herb to 0.5 m tall. Subterranean stem a subglobose tuber, to 6 cm across × 4 cm high, brownish. Pseudostem to 20 cm long. Leaves 1–2; cataphylls green, chequered dark pink; petiole to 25 × 1–1.5 cm, white-green or carmine; leaf blade trifoliolate; leaflets elliptic or obovate, to 35 × 18 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate ending in a short arista, base convex; central leaflet with a petiolule to 4 cm long; lateral leaflets with a petiolule to 1.5 cm long, plain green, with impressed veins above, underside with raised veins. Inflorescence more or less held at foliage level; peduncle equalling or shorter than the petiole, pale green; spathe tube cylindrical, slightly constricted near the mouth, 2.5–6 × 1–2 cm, white-green with faint darker veins near the base, white at the base; spathe mouth margins hardly recurved, green; spathe limb lanceolate, horizontal, nearly the length of the tube and scarcely wider, outside and inside yellow-green with a white spot at throat level, tip long-acuminate; spadix appendix protruding from the tube, but shorter than the spathe, bent forward, conical, ending in a naked and subulate tail, 5–6 cm long × 4–6 mm across at base, smooth, dull olive-green, sessile with carmine or green, stiff and short bristles above the fertile part; fertile zone staminate or pistillate, 1.5–2.5 cm long; staminate flowers loosely arranged, 2–3-androus, anthers white and dark purple at top, on a short stalk; thecae dehiscent by an oval pore; pistillate flowers densely arranged; ovaries ovoid, truncate at the top dark green with white striations; stigma on a short style, penicillate, white. Infructescence on an erect peduncle, cylindrical, 8 × 3 cm; fruits ca 10 × ca 7 mm, prismatic, apically flattened, red-orange when ripe, up to 3 seeds per berry. Seeds globose, 3–4 mm diam.</p>

Sumber: CATE Araceae

<p>Lowland swamp forest, or peatswamp forest.</p>

Sumber: CATE Araceae

<p>Swampy areas in lowland forest, forest margins, in freshwater or peatswamp, or wet facies of <i>kerangas</i>, or <i>kerapah</i>, often, but not exclusively, in full sun.</p>

Sumber: CATE Araceae