Acerodon celebensis

Habitat. Coastal mangrove forests on offshore islands and villages and bamboo on coast and inland from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 1500 m.

Sumber: Pteropodidae

Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Sulawesi Flying Fox is generally gregarious and roosts in large colonies in mangroves with low levels of disturbance. Individuals and small groups have been found in areas with higher levels of disturbance (e. g. nearvillages or roadsides), but it is unclearif these roosts are temporary or not. It often co-roosts with other species offlying foxes, particularly the Black Flying Fox (Pteropus alecto).

Sumber: Pteropodidae

Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Sulawesi Flying Fox is endemic and increasingly pressured by hunting for bushmeat. It has been locally extirpated from North Sulawesi, where bushmeattrade is centralized, with hunting causing an inferred population reduction greater than 30 % in the past three generations. Known colonies are under constantly threat of being extirpated, but there are no legal protections. Mangrove forests have declined due to conversion for shrimp aquaculture. As mangroves disappear, large roosting colonies will probably decrease because they are some of the only habitats left with low levels of human disturbance. Deforestation and logging also threaten stability of foraging sites.

Sumber: Pteropodidae

Descriptive notes. Head-body 190 - 225 mm (tailless), ear 30 - 34 mm, hindfoot 37 - 44 mm, forearm 130 - 145 mm; weight 374 g (mean). Greatest lengths of skulls are 62 - 63 mm. Males are larger than females and have glandular neck tufts with strong musk that are rich tawny at base and produce thick ocherous orange band around shoulder. Muzzle of the Sulawesi Flying Fox is short and narrow, rhinarium is black with large nostrils, and philtrum has side furrow. Eyes are large, with brown irises. Ears are longer than muzzle from front of eye to tip of nose, wide at base, and pointed. Pelage on crown, mantle, and underside is generally golden or yellowish buffy, with chocolate-brown backside and small patch of brown fur on throat with sprinkles of longer silvery whitish hairs. Belly is slightly lighter. Fur is short and thin around crown and mantle to expose buffy and brown head and muzzle. Sides of head are sprinkled with long whitish silvery hairs. Golden buffy tips of fur generally hide brown bases. Tibia is dark and not furred; femur is furred. Fur is woollier on underside of lateral membrane between humerus and femur. Genitals are black and concealed in fur. Uropatagium is reduced; calcar is small. Wing membranes are black and originate from sides of body, slightly above medial plane. Skull is typical pteropine and moderately robust, with short narrow rostrum, small orbits, low and broad sagittal crest, and rather thick mandible. Dental formula for most species of Acerodonis 12 / 2, C 1 / 1, P 3 / 3, M 2 / 3 (x 2) = 34.1, and last lower molars are small, and P' is early deciduous. Canine cingula and posterior basal ledges on premolars and molars are strong, especially compared with congeners. Caninesare slightly larger in males. Dentition is weak in general; P? lacks posterointernal cusp. Anterointernal basal tubercle is more sharply obvious in M, than in P ,, and there is no distinct anterointernal cusp in P,. Basal ledge of P ,, M ,, and M, do not extend as far forward on innerside ofteeth as in other species of Acerodon.

Sumber: Pteropodidae

Conservation: CITES – Appendix II. IUCN / SSC Action Plan (1992) – No data. IUCN 2003 – Lower Risk (nt).

Sumber: Order Chiroptera - Family Pteropodidae

Distribution: Sulawesi, Saleyer Isl, Sangihe Isls, Sula Isls (Indonesia).

Sumber: Order Chiroptera - Family Pteropodidae