Scotophilus kuhlii

DISTRIBUTION: Pakistan to Taiwan, south to Sri Lanka and Malaya, southeast to Philippines and Aru Isis.; Nicobar Isis.; Hainan.

Sumber: Order Chiroptera

Habitat. Primary and secondary habitats in rural and urban settings, including primary and secondary tropical and subtropical forests, agricultural areas, plantations, and villages from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 1100 m (typically lowland habitats).

Sumber: Vespertilionidae

Movements, Home range and Social organization. Lesser Asiatic Yellow Bats roost in colonies of a few individuals to a few hundred, with colonies of 300 bats found in Sri Lanka. Males and females seem to roost together year-round. Colonies are characterized by an unpleasant smell. In Peninsular Malaysia, home ranges of males were larger in agricultural areas (mean of 1 - 2 km?) than urban areas (0 - 03 km?), but this relationship was reversed for females (0 - 35 km? vs. 0 - 72 km?).

Sumber: Vespertilionidae

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Lesser Asiatic Yellow Bat is widespread and common and does not seem to face any major threats. It might be locally threatened by roost disturbance and is eaten as an aphrodisiac in north-eastern Luzon, Philippines. In Cambodia, free-ranging individuals are farmed for guano with artificial roosts made from palm leaves, providing income for local farms.

Sumber: Vespertilionidae

Descriptive notes. Head — - body 54: 8 - 82 - 1 mm, tail 31 - 3 - 65 mm, ear 7 - 4 - 17 mm, hindfoot 8 - 13 - 8 mm, forearm 44 - 56 - 4 mm; weight 12 - 5 - 30 - 3 g. The Lesser Asiatic Yellow Bat is very similar but smaller than the Greater Asiatic Yellow Bat (S. heathii), being distinguished primarily by its smaller forearm length (usually less than 55 mm) and weight. Dorsal pelage is chestnut-brown; venter is lighter buffy to buffy yellow. Membranes and bare skin are dark brown. Muzzle is broad and blunt and has swollen glands on both sides and simple nostrils. Ears are small, with transverse ridges; antitragus is separated from posterior margin of ear by distinct notch and well developed; tragus is one-half the ear length and is crescent-shaped with basal notch. Tail extends c. 2 - 3 mm past margin of uropatagium. Baculum is small and bluntly triangular in dorsal view but very thin in lateral view, and base is barely bulged; it is similar to that of the Greater Asiatic Yellow Bat, although it appears to be thicker in lateral view with a more dorso-ventrally expanded base. Skull measurements are similar to but smaller than those of the Greater Asiatic Yellow Bat, but lambdoidal crests are undeveloped and do not protrude back and upward; condylo-canine lengths are 16 - 3 - 18 mm. Dental formula for all species of Scotophilusis 11 / 3, C 1 / 1, P 1 / 2, M 3 / 3 (x 2) = 30, except perhaps for the Lesser Yellow Bat (S. borbonicus) that is known from one specimen in very poor condition. Chromosomal complement has 2 n = 36 and FN = 48 or 52.

Sumber: Vespertilionidae

Distribution. NE & SE Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, SE Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, SC & SE China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Fujian) including Hainan, Taiwan, and Pescadores Is, Thailand, Laos, Vietham (including Cat Ba I), Cambodia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Bali, Sulawesi, and Philippines.

Sumber: Vespertilionidae