Taphozous longimanus

Habitat. Wide variety of habitats from arid areas to humid zones from sea level to elevations of C. 1200 m. Food and Feeding. Diet includes beetles and cockroaches. Breeding. Long-winged Sheath-tailed Bats are bom in midJanuary and mid-May. At Varanasi, India, spermatogenesis occurs in September, with appearance of spermatozoa. Spermatogenic arrest occurs in winter dormancy in December and is followed by a second peak of spermatogenesis inJanuary that coincides with ovulation in females. A third peak of spermatogenesis begins in late April, and tubules are found completely regressed after May. Cycle of accessory sex glands generally parallels testicular cycle, reaching maximum hypertrophy in September-January and again in late April. Thereafter, accessory sex glands are involuted. Spermatozoa are present in cauda epididymis throughout the year. Activity patterns. The Long-winged Sheath-tailed Bat roosts in caves, tunnels, abandoned human structures (e. g. forts, dungeons, and wells), and hollows and crowns of trees including palms and banyan figs {Ficus benghalensis, Moraceae) and under large rocks and eaves of houses. It emerges from roosts very early in the evening and flies fast as it forages. Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Long-winged Sheath-tailed Bat roosts alone or in colonies that can number hundreds of individuals.

Sumber: Emballonuridae

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Longwinged Sheath-tailed Bat has a large distribution and presumably large and stable overall population, occurs in protected reserves, and is tolerant of habitat modification. Although populations generally are thought to be stable, some scattered local populations might be decreasing. In South Asia, the Long-winged Sheath-tailed Bat occurs in Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary inJharkhand and Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh, and it likely is present in most protected areas in peninsular India and many in South-east Asia. Additional studies are needed on taxonomy, distribution, abundance and population trends, reproduction, and ecology. Some populations might be threatened by roost disturbance, especially from guano mining in South-east Asia.