Stomopneustes variolaris

Occurrence / Distribution Hong Kong, 7 m. Outside Hong Kong. Indo-West Pacific, Africa, Samoa islands, China, Taiwan, Japan, Australia, Intertidal to littoral, approximately 0 – 10 m.

Sumber: New Ecological Observations and Occurrence for Asteroidea and Echinoidea in Hong Kong

Habitat. Subtidal rocks, common on rocky platforms, in crevices, under boulders, and in coral reefs; well adapted to areas in which wave action is high. Observed occurrence in this study. Eastern (Batticaloa, Panama, and Trincomalee), northwestern (Kalpitiya 1), southern (Ahangama, Hikkaduwa, Hiriketiya, Kirinda, Nilwella, Polhena, and Rakawa) and western coasts (Beruwala, Negombo) of Sri Lanka.

Sumber: An annotated species list of regular echinoids from Sri Lanka with notes on some rarely seen temnopleurids

Distribution in Sri Lanka. All coasts possess suitable habitat for this species. Recorded depth range in Sri Lanka. 0.1 – 5 m (present study), 5 m (previous records).

Sumber: An annotated species list of regular echinoids from Sri Lanka with notes on some rarely seen temnopleurids

Global maximum size. Maximum test diameter 110 mm. Global distribution. Widely distributed in Indo-Pacific, from East coast region of South Africa through East Africa to Samoa Islands, from Japan to north Australia and New Caledonia; littoral (Mortensen 1935; Schultz 2010).

Sumber: Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa