Biologi & Ekologieng
Habitat. The broadest distribution ofall small Asian felids, extending from southern India to the islands on the Sunda Shelf and north to the Russian Far East. They are found in a great variety of forest types, from lowland tropical evergreen rainforest and rubber and oil palm plantations at sea level to moist temperate broadleaf and dry coniferous forests in the Himalayas at 3000 m. Also does well in successional habitats, shrub forest, farmlands, and on coastal islands. It is rarely found in cold steppe grasslands or arid areas. In Russia is commonly associated with river valleys, forested ravines and coastal habitats where the cover is deciduous broadleaf forest. Their small feet are not well adapted for moving in deep snow and they avoid areas where snow depth exceeds 10 cm. Radio-collared cats in Thailand’s Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary rarely visited the dry deciduous dipterocarp forest, a firemaintained habitat with little understory vegetation; they preferred mixed deciduous and dry evergreen forest habitats, especially those associated with watercourses. These habitats not only offered more cover but they also harbored more prey. Similarly, radio-tagged cats in Tabin Wildlife Reserve, Sabah, used the oil palm plantations just outside the Reserve more than expected, presumably because of the high density of Whitehead’s Rats, the cats’ principle prey.
Sumber: Felidae
Biologi & Ekologieng
Movements, Home range and Social organization. In the dry season at Tabin Wildlife Reserve, Sabah, radio-tagged males traveled an average of 1 - 72 km per night compared to 1 - 27 km for females; average distances traveled per night in the wet season decreased to 1: 06 km and 0 - 87 km, respectively. Males traveled faster and farther than females, but for both sexes, movement rates were higher in the first half of the night than in the second half. Movement rates for females tended to be slower because their travels were frequently punctuated with long periods of no movement, during which they were presumably sitting and waiting for prey. All observations (n = 67) in Tabin were of solitary individuals. The home ranges of four resident males varied from 2: 64 to 3 - 8 km ®. The ranges of two resident females measured 1 - 93 and 2 - 25 km *. Ranges of resident males overlapped those of one or more females. In Thailand, the mean home range size in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary was 4 - 33 km? (range 1 - 5 - 7 - 5 km *) and in Kaeng Krachan National Park it was 3 - 38 km? (range 2: 3 - 5 - 4 km? ®). On Tsuchima Island, Japan, the mean home range size was 0 - 83 km? ®. Differences in home range sizes are in part related to body size, as cats in Thailand are larger than those on the islands of Borneo and Tsuchima. The effects of differences in resource levels and other environmental conditions among the sites on home range sizes are not known. Some differences in home range sizes may also be due to different methods of analysis. The density in Tabin was estimated at 37 - 5 adults / 100 km? which is comparable to the density on Iriomote Island of 34 / 100 km? ®.
Sumber: Felidae
Konservasieng
Status and Conservation. Listed on CITES Appendix II, except for populations in India, Thailand, and Bangladesh, which are listed on CITES Appendix I. Classified as a species of Least Concern on the The IUCN Red List. Heavily hunted in many parts of its range and its pelt figures prominently in the fur trade. The Chinese government has set an annual harvest quota of 150,000 individuals, but the actual harvest is probably higher. There are also estimated stockpiles of more than 800,000 pelts in Chinese fur company warehouses. Leopard Cat coats are frequently sold in Nepal and Kashmir. Whereit is not persecuted, appears to be able to coexist with humans. It seems to be an adaptable species, and has been found in secondary forest, successional vegetation, tea, coffee, rubber, and oil palm plantations.
Sumber: Felidae
Deskripsieng
Descriptive notes. Head-body 45 - 75 cm, tail 19.5 - 31. 5 cm; weight 1.7 - 7. 1 kg. Adult males larger than females and there is considerable geographic variation in size. Cats from Russia and northern China are two to three times larger than from Borneo and southern portions of Asia. Coat color and pattern also show significant variation across the geographic range. Individuals from northern areas have long, full coats that are a pale silvery gray, whereas the background coat color ofcats living near the equator is yellow ocher or brownish. Black spots mark the body and limbs, sometimes coalescing to form lines. There are often two to four rows of elongated lines along the back. Thetail is spotted and the tip is black. Muzzle is white and the backs of the ears have a white central spot. Feet are long and narrow, with well-developed webbing between the toes.
Sumber: Felidae
Distribusieng
Subspecies and Distribution. P. b. bengalensis Kerr, 1792 — Indian and Indochinese region and Malay Peninsula. P. b. alleni Sody, 1949 — Hainan I. P. b. borneoensis Brongersma, 1935 — Borneo. P. b. chinensis Gray, 1837 — China, except for NE, and Taiwan. P. b. euptilurus Elliot, 1871 — Manchurian region, Korean and Russian Far East. P. b. heaneyi Groves, 1997 — the Philippines (Palawan). P. b. horsfieldi Gray, 1842 — Sub-Himalayan region E of Indus River. P. b. iriomotensis Imaizumi, 1967 — Japan (Iriomote I). P. b. javanensis Desmarest, 1816 — Java and Bali. P. b. rabori Groves, 1997 — the Philippines (Negros, Cebu & Panay). P. b. sumatranus Horsfield, 1821 — Sumatra and Nias I. P. b. trevelyani Pocock, 1939 — Kashmir.
Sumber: Felidae
Distribusieng
Distribution: South and East Asia including Myanmar (recorded in most of the PAs and RF throughout the country). Remarks: This species is listed as a normally protected species of Myanmar.
Sumber: Mammals of Myanmar: an annotated checklist
