Deskripsieng
Color. Body reticulated with whitish background and brown spots that gradually become smaller and orange on head and belly (Fig. 1). The spots become darker towards rear part of body, caudal fin and soft part of dorsal fin. Posterior edge of caudal fin and upper edge of soft part of dorsal fin with white margin. Selected body proportions. As percentage of standard length: head length, 37 %; body depth, 35 %; longest dorsal spine, 12 %; longest dorsal ray, 12 %; longest anal spine, 6 %; longest anal ray, 16 %; distance snout, pelvic fin, 42 %; distance snout, base of pectoral fin, 35 %; distance snout, dorsal fin, 36 %; distance snout, anal fin, 72 %; pectoral fin length, 22 %; pelvic fin length of standard length, 17 %. As percentage of head length: upper jaw length, 37 %; eye diameter, 15 %; distance snout-eye, 26 %.
Sumber: First record of the Indo-Pacific areolate grouper Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål, 1775) (Perciformes: Epinephelidae) in the Mediterranean Sea
Distribusieng
Distribution. E. areolatus is widely distributed in the coastal waters of the Indian Ocean, Indo – Pacific Archipelago, north-west Australia, South China sea, Taiwan, Japan and the Red Sea (Heemstra & Randall 1993). Genetic characterization. Intra-specific ML (Maximum likelihood) phylogenetic tree of previously-published COI sequences has revealed a distinct biogeographic separation between populations located east to the Indo-Malay Peninsula, i. e., Western Indian Ocean (WIO), and west, i. e., West Pacific (WP, Fig. 3). Pairwise comparisons, based on K 2 P model, have shown an average genetic divergence of 3.49 ± 0.61 % between these clades and an average of 0.85 ± 0.21 % within the WIO clade and 0.46 ± 0.16 % within the WP. In addition, our alien specimen from the Mediterranean aligned within the WIO clade, and presented an identical haplotype with two specimens from the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea (R. Holtzman, unpublished data, 2015) thus confirming its Red Sea origin.
Sumber: First record of the Indo-Pacific areolate grouper Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål, 1775) (Perciformes: Epinephelidae) in the Mediterranean Sea
