Megaderma spasma

DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka and India through SE Asia to Lesser Sundas, the Philippines and Molucca Isis, various adjacent islands.

Sumber: Order Chiroptera

Habitat. Wide variety of forested habitats from lowland evergreen rainforests to seasonally dry semideciduous forests. The Lesser Asian False-vampire is primarily found in lowlands, but has been reported in hills at elevations of up to 1000 m.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. Lesser Asian False-vampires are believed to be resident year-round, but they do move among roosts at different times of year. At a cave roost in India, numbers of individuals throughout the year varied from none or a single individual up to 27 individuals. Both sexes share the same roost. Other species of bats do not share the roost area, although other species can occur elsewhere in larger caves. Foraging areas can be near diurnal roosts, and some individuals might return to the roost during the night to consume their food.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List.

Descriptive notes. Head — body 54 - 81 mm (tailless), ear 30 - 43 mm, hindfoot 9 - 5 — - 17 mm, forearm 53 - 5 - 62 - 5 mm; weight 23 - 28 g. Sexes are similar in size. The Lesser Asian Falsevampire is the smallest of the Asian megadermatids. Ears are large, joined over top of head for c. 15 % oftheir length on inner margins; tragus is deeply forked, with tall pointed posterior lobe and shorter bluntly pointed anterior lobe. Posterior noseleat is relatively short, width at base similar to height, but narrowing toward top. Thickened, raised median ridge connects to heartshaped median noseleaf. Anterior noseleaf is broad and rounded, largely covering muzzle with no notch. Fur is long and woolly, generally pale gray to brownish gray, darker above. Ears, noseleaf, and wing membranes are dark gray to brownish gray. Baculum has short shaft with two prongs. Skull has elongate rostrum with a shallow frontal depression but no frontal shield and with small postorbital processes. C' has very small anterolingual cusp; P? is minute and intruded; M' has moderately developed mesostyle; and coronoid process of mandible is equal in height or taller than C,. Dental formula is I 0 / 2, C 1 / 1, P 2 / 2, M 3 / 3 (x 2) = 28. Chromosomal complement has 2 n = 38 and FN = 64 (Thailand), 2 n = 38 and FN = 70 (China), and 2 n = 46 and FN = 64 (Philippines).

DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka and India through S. E. Asia to Java, the Philippines and Molucca Isis; various adjacent islands.

Sumber: Order Chiroptera