Family Muridae · Order Rodentia
Data diperbarui secara berkala dari berbagai sumber observasi biodiversitas.
150 titik observasi Rattus exulans di Indonesia
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Foto: Don E. Wilson;Russell A. Mittermeier;Thomas E. Lacher, Jr
Otoritas penamaan: (Peale, 1848) (1848)
Status taksonomi: ACCEPTED
Status konservasi (IUCN): LC Risiko Rendah
Dipublikasikan dalam: Mammalia in Repts. U.S. Expl. Surv. vol.8 p.47
Total Catatan di Indonesia
0
Provinsi Ditemukan
0
dari 38 provinsi
Catatan Pertama
0
tahun pertama tercatat
Tren Tahunan
+0%
+173.1% vs 1992
Little Rat (Rattus exulans) termasuk dalam famili Muridae, ordo Rodentia, kelas Mammalia. Berdasarkan data yang terhimpun, spesies ini telah tercatat sebanyak 4.797 kali di Indonesia, tersebar di 28 provinsi. Catatan pertama tercatat pada tahun 1901.
Nusa Tenggara Timur merupakan provinsi dengan catatan observasi terbanyak untuk spesies ini, dengan 223 catatan (4.6% dari total). Data distribusi ini mencerminkan akumulasi dari berbagai kegiatan survei, penelitian, dan kontribusi citizen science. Pola distribusi yang tercatat mungkin tidak sepenuhnya menggambarkan persebaran alami spesies, karena dipengaruhi oleh intensitas pengamatan di masing-masing wilayah.
Tren observasi tahunan Rattus exulans menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan (+173%) pada periode terakhir dibanding tahun sebelumnya, dengan catatan pertama pada tahun 1901.
Catatan deskriptif tentang Rattus exulans dari sumber literatur primer (via GBIF).
The affinities of the exulans on Manus might warrant further study. Although the upper toothrow lengths of the KU specimens fit within the range given by Taylor et al. (1982), there is considerable variation in tooth size in these Manus specimens. The teeth of immature 163728 are especially large, compared to those of the other specimens from there.
Sumber: Marsupials And Rodents Of The Admiralty Islands, Papua New Guinea
Thomas (1914: 439) reported three specimens of “ Epimys browni ” from “ Manus Island. ” Taylor et al. (1982), referring to these same three specimens, recorded them as from “ Manus Is., 5 m, 02 ° 04 ′ S, 147 ° 00 ′ E, ” treated them as members of Rattus exulans browni (Alston, 1877), and gave their catalog numbers as BMNH 14.4.1.18 – 14.4.1.20. Owing to the known recent past and assumed present mobility of this commensal species, we do not recognize subspecies. Williams (1999) did not report R. exulans as having been found at the Pamwak archeological site on Manus, but T. F. Flannery (in litt.) states that he did find this species in remains from there. Although Aplin et al. (2015: 51) stated that Flannery (1995 b) reported R. exulans from the Pamwak site, this is not the case. Aplin et al. (2015: 57) reported having caught 13 specimens in 2014, encountering this species in a variety of habitats on Manus, noting “ They appeared to be most numerous in the garden and village habitats, and to be relatively scarce in the natural forest. ” This is not surprising in view of the commensal nature of this species. In addition to trapped individuals, visual sightings and camera trap records were also recorded.
Sumber: Marsupials And Rodents Of The Admiralty Islands, Papua New Guinea
Nama-nama ilmiah lain yang pernah digunakan untuk Rattus exulans dalam literatur taksonomi.
| Nama Sinonim | Otoritas | Status |
|---|---|---|
| ? exulans | Peale, 1848 | SYNONYM |
| Epimys basilanus | Hollister, 1913 | SYNONYM |
| Epimys calcis | Hollister, 1911 | SYNONYM |
| Epimys exulans | (Peale, 1848) | SYNONYM |
| Epimys leucophaetus | Hollister, 1913 | SYNONYM |
| Epimys mayonicus | Hollister, 1913 | SYNONYM |
| Epimys ornatulus | Hollister, 1913 | SYNONYM |
| Epimys querceti | Hollister, 1911 | SYNONYM |
| # | Provinsi | Catatan | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nusa Tenggara Timur | 223 | 4.6% |
| 2 | Papua Barat | 185 | 3.9% |
| 3 | Maluku | 130 | 2.7% |
| 4 | Nusa Tenggara Barat | 121 | 2.5% |
| 5 | Jawa Barat | 89 | 1.9% |
| 6 | Sulawesi Tengah | 82 | 1.7% |
Jumlah catatan observasi Rattus exulans di Indonesia per tahun
Rattus exulans
Foto: Don E. Wilson;Russell A. Mittermeier;Thomas E. Lacher, Jr
Rattus exulans
Foto: Don E. Wilson;Russell A. Mittermeier;Thomas E. Lacher, Jr
Rattus exulans
Foto: Cook-Price, Dawn R.;Petko, Olga N.;Makchai, Sunchai;Artchawakom, Taksin;Suwanwaree, Pongthep
| Nama | Bahasa | Sumber |
|---|---|---|
| Hāmua | mri | Catalogue of Life |
| Kiore | mri | Catalogue of Life |
| Kleine Pazifikratte | Jerman | Catalogue of Life |
| Kleine Pazifikratte | - | Global Invasive Species Database |
| Little Rat | Inggris | Catalogue of Life |
| Maori rat | - | Global Invasive Species Database |
| Muritai | mri | Catalogue of Life |
| Pacific Rat | Inggris | Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Pacific rat | - |
Berdasarkan data 4.797 observasi, Nusa Tenggara Timur adalah provinsi dengan catatan Little Rat (Rattus exulans) terbanyak — 223 observasi (4.6% dari total catatan di Indonesia). Spesies ini tersebar di 28 provinsi.
Catatan pertama Little Rat (Rattus exulans) di Indonesia tercatat pada tahun 1901. Hingga kini terdapat 4.797 catatan dari 28 provinsi, yang dihimpun dari survei lapangan, koleksi museum, dan platform citizen science.
Menurut IUCN Red List, Little Rat (Rattus exulans) berstatus "Risiko Rendah" (kode LC). Status ini mencerminkan tingkat risiko kepunahan global spesies, bukan khusus Indonesia.
Ya, Rattus exulans memiliki 12 nama sinonim ilmiah, di antaranya: ? exulans, Epimys basilanus, Epimys calcis. Nama sinonim adalah nama-nama lain yang pernah digunakan untuk spesies yang sama dalam literatur taksonomi.
Rattus exulans diklasifikasikan sebagai berikut: Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, Order Rodentia, Family Muridae, Genus Rattus. Spesies ini dideskripsikan oleh (Peale, 1848).
Distribution: Widespread throughout and probably native to Southeast Asia and spread to islands either with humans or through natural rafting on drifting vegetation (Francis 2019).
Sumber: Mammals of Myanmar: an annotated checklist
Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (lc).
Sumber: Order Rodentia - Family Muridae
Distribution: E Bangladesh, C and S Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, C and S Vietnam, Yongxing Isl in the Xisha Arch (in South China Sea southeast of Hainan Isl between 16 E and 18 EN; Wang, 2003), E Taiwan and Miyakojima Isl in S Ryukyus (Motokawa et al., 2001 a), Sundaic region (incl. Mentawai Isls, and islands of Enggano, Nias, and Simeulule), Christmas Isl (Gibson-Hill, 1947), Sulawesi, Philippines (Heaney et al., 1998), Moluccas (Flannery, 1995 b), and Nusa Tenggara (Lesser Sunda Isls); New Guinea Region (Taylor et al., 1982; Flannery, 1995 a), SW Pacific Isls (Flannery, 1995 b) Adele and Murray Isls off the coast of NW and NE Australia (not recorded from mainland; Mahoney and Richardson, 1988; Taylor and Horner, 1973; Watts, 1995 h; Watts and Aslin, 1981), Micronesia, New Zealand (Atkinson and Moller, 1990), Polynesia (including Caroline Isls; Buden, 1996 a, 1996 b), Hawaiian Isls (Tomich, 1986), and Easter Isl. Not documented from Andaman or Nicobar Isls (Chaturvedi, 1980; Musser’s research), despite assertion of Wodzicki and Taylor (1984), who otherwise adequately summarized general distribution; details recorded by Musser and Newcomb (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Range also based upon our study of specimens in several museums (also see Matisoo-Smith et al., 1998).
Sumber: Order Rodentia - Family Muridae
DISTRIBUTION: E Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Sundaic region (incl. Mentawai isls, and islands of Enggano, Nias, and Simeulule), Christmas Isl, Sulawesi, Philippines, Moluccas, Nusa Tenggara (Lesser Sunda Isis), New Guinea Region, two islands off the coast of N and NE Australia (not on mainland), Micronesia, New Zealand, and Polynesia, including Hawaii and Easter Isl. Not recorded from Andaman or Nicobar isls, despite assertion of Wodzicki and Taylor (1984).
Sumber: Order Rodentia - Family Muridae
| Epimys stragulum | Robinson & Kloss, 1916 | SYNONYM |
| Epimys vigoratus | Hollister, 1913 | SYNONYM |
| Mus aemuli | Thomas, 1896 | SYNONYM |
| Mus bocourti | Milne-Edwards, 1872 | SYNONYM |
| 7 |
| Jawa Tengah |
| 67 |
| 1.4% |
| 8 | Papua | 47 | 1.0% |
| 9 | Jawa Timur | 38 | 0.8% |
| 10 | Sumatera Selatan | 21 | 0.4% |
| 11 | Bali | 21 | 0.4% |
| 12 | Sumatera Barat | 20 | 0.4% |
| 13 | Kalimantan Barat | 20 | 0.4% |
| 14 | Sulawesi Selatan | 20 | 0.4% |
| 15 | Sumatera Utara | 13 | 0.3% |
| 16 | Aceh | 6 | 0.1% |
| 17 | Kalimantan Tengah | 6 | 0.1% |
| 18 | Sulawesi Utara | 5 | 0.1% |
| 19 | Lampung | 4 | 0.1% |
| 20 | Kepulauan Riau | 4 | 0.1% |
| 21 | DKI Jakarta | 4 | 0.1% |
| 22 | Kalimantan Selatan | 2 | 0.0% |
| 23 | Kalimantan Timur | 2 | 0.0% |
| 24 | Sulawesi Barat | 2 | 0.0% |
| 25 | Maluku Utara | 2 | 0.0% |
| 26 | Riau | 1 | 0.0% |
| 27 | Jambi | 1 | 0.0% |
| 28 | Kepulauan Bangka Belitung | 1 | 0.0% |
| Global Invasive Species Database |
| Pazifik-Ratte | Jerman | Muridae |
| Pazifische Ratte | Jerman | Catalogue of Life |
| Polynesian Rat | Inggris | TAXREF |
| Polynesian Rat (Kiore) | Inggris | Catalogue of Life |
| Polynesian rat | Inggris | Catalogue of Life |
| Polynesian rat | - | Global Invasive Species Database |
| Polynesiarotte | nob | Catalogue of Life |
| Polynesische Rat | Belanda | Catalogue of Life |
| Rat de Polynésie | Prancis | Muridae |
| Rat polynésien, Rat du Pacifique | Prancis | TAXREF |
| Rata de la Polinesia | Spanyol | Catalogue of Life |
