Rattus exulans

The affinities of the exulans on Manus might warrant further study. Although the upper toothrow lengths of the KU specimens fit within the range given by Taylor et al. (1982), there is considerable variation in tooth size in these Manus specimens. The teeth of immature 163728 are especially large, compared to those of the other specimens from there.

Sumber: Marsupials And Rodents Of The Admiralty Islands, Papua New Guinea

Thomas (1914: 439) reported three specimens of “ Epimys browni ” from “ Manus Island. ” Taylor et al. (1982), referring to these same three specimens, recorded them as from “ Manus Is., 5 m, 02 ° 04 ′ S, 147 ° 00 ′ E, ” treated them as members of Rattus exulans browni (Alston, 1877), and gave their catalog numbers as BMNH 14.4.1.18 – 14.4.1.20. Owing to the known recent past and assumed present mobility of this commensal species, we do not recognize subspecies. Williams (1999) did not report R. exulans as having been found at the Pamwak archeological site on Manus, but T. F. Flannery (in litt.) states that he did find this species in remains from there. Although Aplin et al. (2015: 51) stated that Flannery (1995 b) reported R. exulans from the Pamwak site, this is not the case. Aplin et al. (2015: 57) reported having caught 13 specimens in 2014, encountering this species in a variety of habitats on Manus, noting “ They appeared to be most numerous in the garden and village habitats, and to be relatively scarce in the natural forest. ” This is not surprising in view of the commensal nature of this species. In addition to trapped individuals, visual sightings and camera trap records were also recorded.

Sumber: Marsupials And Rodents Of The Admiralty Islands, Papua New Guinea

Distribution: Widespread throughout and probably native to Southeast Asia and spread to islands either with humans or through natural rafting on drifting vegetation (Francis 2019).

Sumber: Mammals of Myanmar: an annotated checklist

Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (lc).

Sumber: Order Rodentia - Family Muridae

Distribution: E Bangladesh, C and S Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, C and S Vietnam, Yongxing Isl in the Xisha Arch (in South China Sea southeast of Hainan Isl between 16 E and 18 EN; Wang, 2003), E Taiwan and Miyakojima Isl in S Ryukyus (Motokawa et al., 2001 a), Sundaic region (incl. Mentawai Isls, and islands of Enggano, Nias, and Simeulule), Christmas Isl (Gibson-Hill, 1947), Sulawesi, Philippines (Heaney et al., 1998), Moluccas (Flannery, 1995 b), and Nusa Tenggara (Lesser Sunda Isls); New Guinea Region (Taylor et al., 1982; Flannery, 1995 a), SW Pacific Isls (Flannery, 1995 b) Adele and Murray Isls off the coast of NW and NE Australia (not recorded from mainland; Mahoney and Richardson, 1988; Taylor and Horner, 1973; Watts, 1995 h; Watts and Aslin, 1981), Micronesia, New Zealand (Atkinson and Moller, 1990), Polynesia (including Caroline Isls; Buden, 1996 a, 1996 b), Hawaiian Isls (Tomich, 1986), and Easter Isl. Not documented from Andaman or Nicobar Isls (Chaturvedi, 1980; Musser’s research), despite assertion of Wodzicki and Taylor (1984), who otherwise adequately summarized general distribution; details recorded by Musser and Newcomb (1983) and Corbet and Hill (1992). Range also based upon our study of specimens in several museums (also see Matisoo-Smith et al., 1998).

Sumber: Order Rodentia - Family Muridae

DISTRIBUTION: E Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Sundaic region (incl. Mentawai isls, and islands of Enggano, Nias, and Simeulule), Christmas Isl, Sulawesi, Philippines, Moluccas, Nusa Tenggara (Lesser Sunda Isis), New Guinea Region, two islands off the coast of N and NE Australia (not on mainland), Micronesia, New Zealand, and Polynesia, including Hawaii and Easter Isl. Not recorded from Andaman or Nicobar isls, despite assertion of Wodzicki and Taylor (1984).

Sumber: Order Rodentia - Family Muridae