Polypedates leucomystax

Four-lined Tree Frog (Figure 7 E; Windsor Nature Park) Singapore records. Polypedates leucomystax — Cantor, 1847 c: 1063, 1073. — Stejneger, 1907: 157 – 158. — K. Lim, 1988 b: 6 (Nee Soon [NSSF]). — K. Lim, 1988 f: 77 (Botanic Gardens; Bukit Timah Hill [BTNR]; Tanjong Tajam [PU]). — Hall, 1989: 33 (Pasir Panjang Hill). — K. K. P. Lim, 1989 a: 56 (Nee Soon Swamp Forest). — K. K. P. Lim & L. M. Chou, 1990: 57. — K. K. P. Lim, 1991 a: 4 (Thomson Ridge [TRF]). — K. P. Lim & Subharaj, 1991 d: 4 (Mount Imbiah [Sentosa]). — K. K. P. Lim & C. M. Yang, 1991: 227 (Ayer Rajah Campus [= NUS Kent Ridge]; Bukit Timah Campus [NUS]; Dover Road; Hindhede Drive; Jurong; Nee Soon Swamp Forest). — Corlett, 1992: 418. — D. S. Johnson, 1992: 75. — K. K. P. Lim & F. L. K. Lim, 1992: 38, 144. — K. K. P. Lim & Subharaj, 1992: 9 (Nee Soon Swamp Forest). — P. K. L. Ng, 1992 a: 139. — P. K. L. Ng, 1992 b: 139. — W. K. Tan, 1992: 50. — Wee, 1992: 73 (Lower Peirce Reservoir Park). — E. K. Chua, 1993: 99. — L. M. Chou et al., 1994: 93. — L. M. Chou, 1995: 146. — R. Subaraj, 1995: 36 (Pulau Ubin). — R. C. H. Teo & Rajathurai, 1997: 400. — Chan-ard et al., 1999: 19. — T. M. Leong & L. M. Chou, 1999: 115 – 117. — T. M. Leong, 2000: 3. — E. K. Chua, 2002: 13 (Pulau Ubin). — B. P. L. Goh et al., 2002: 142. — K. P. Lim & F. L. K. Lim, 2002: 145. — Karns et al., 2002: 488 (Pasir Ris Park Mangroves). — Anonymous, 2003: 32, 93 (Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve). — Das, 2005: 270. — Das & Haas, 2005: 381. — H. T. W. Tan et al., 2007: 64. — Tapley & GirGin, 2015: 7. — N. Baker & K. P. Lim, 2008: 60, 159. — Sheridan, 2008: 165. — T. M. Leong et al., 2009: 364 (Singapore Zoo). — M. F. C. Ng, 2009: 109 (Semakau Landfill [PS]). — Sheridan, 2009: 583 – 592 (Mandai Orchid Garden [= MRF]). — Bickford et al., 2010: 121, 123. — S. H. Chan & C. Goh, 2010: 105 (Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve). — E. K. Chua, 2010: 103, 128 (Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve). — Sheridan et al., 2010: 369 – 379 (Mandai Orchid Garden [= MRF]). — H. T. W. Tan et al., 2010: 88. — M. A. H. Chua, 2011: 279 (Semakau Landfill [PS]). — L. L. Grismer, 2011 a: 62. — P. K. L. Ng et al., 2011: 487. — T. M. Leong, 2011: 22. — Ang et al., 2012: 50 (Hort Park). — N. Baker & K. P. Lim, 2012: 50, 60, 159. — Gilbert et al., 2012: 389, 393. — Kuraishi et al., 2012: 55. — M. F. C. Ng, 2012: 68, 146. — T. H. Ng & D. C. J. Yeo, 2012: 100. — K. Y. Chong et al., 2013: 290. — T. M. Leong, 2014: 8. (Bukit Kalang [SRF]). — Streicher et al., 2014: 364. — E. K. Chua, 2015: 126. — Rognes, 2015: 8, 28, 29. — R. Subaraj, 2015: 13, 52, 54, 56 (Mandai Range Forest; Night Safari; Project Western Boundary [= MBP]; Stephen Lee Woods [= RPN]; Ulu Sembawang Forest; Upper Seletar Peninsula [= USNF]). — S. Subaraj, 2015: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (Mandai Range Forest; Night Safari; Project Western Boundary [= MBP]; Singapore Zoo; Stephen Lee Woods [= RPN]; Upper Seletar Peninsula [= USNF]). — K. K. P. Lim et al., 2016: 173, 174 (Pulau Tekong). — Shahrudin, 2016 a: 30. — Shahrudin, 2016 b: 163. — A. Tay et al., 2017: 104 (Clementi Woods). — Zhang & Thomas, 2017: 176 (Bukit Surau [Pulau Ubin]). — S. M. Chong et al., 2018: 252, 253. — R. Tan & M. - R. Low, 2018: 40 (Singapore Zoo). — H. C. Ho et al., 2019: 124, 125 (Alexandra Woodlands; Clementi Forest). — Purkayastha et al., 2019: 528. — H. T. W. Tan et al., 2019: 128, 132 (Kent Ridge Park; National University of Singapore Kent Ridge Campus). — R. C. H. Teo & Thomas, 2019: 153 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve). — Allain & Goodman, 2020: 217 (Singapore Botanic Gardens [Evolution Garden]). — E. K. Chua, 2022: 91, 167 (Namly housing estate; Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve). Polypedates quadrilineatus — Ģnther, 1859 a: 79. — Ģnther, 1864: xxvi, 429.

Sumber: Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution

Distribution. The four-lined tree frog is distributed throughout Perhentian Besar, Perhentian Kecil, Redang and Tenggol islands (Grismer et al. 2011).

Sumber: Checklist of herpetofauna in the severely degraded ecosystem of Bidong Island, Peninsular Malaysia, South China Sea

Description. Three immature females 61.7, 62.8, 69.7 mm, adult female 82.0, and two adult males 45.7, 45.8 mm SVL.

Sumber: Filling the BINs of life: Report of an amphibian and reptile survey of the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Region of Myanmar, with DNA barcode data

General Distribution. Widespread in South Asia, eastern India to southwestern China through Southeast Asia to the Greater Sunda Islands and Philippine Islands.

Sumber: Filling the BINs of life: Report of an amphibian and reptile survey of the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Region of Myanmar, with DNA barcode data

Biology. Rather common in forested areas, in plantations, and near human habitations. Specimens were often observed by night, sometimes in daytime, either on the ground or perched. Observed in August with foam nest, and in November.

Sumber: Note on a collection of Amphibians and Reptiles from Western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo

Distribution on Sumatra. Present all over Sumatra.

Sumber: Note on a collection of Amphibians and Reptiles from Western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo